In the new curriculum standards formulated by the state, the basic concept is clearly stated: "Promote national music and understand the cultural diversity of music". It shows that excellent traditional music has become a major part of classroom teaching, and the school's development of national instrumental music teaching has become an increasingly critical step to promote the comprehensive development of primary and secondary school students. Guzheng is China's unique ethnic plucked string instrument. It has a wide range of sounds, has a large number of playing techniques, and is highly expressive. Today, the shape of Guzheng is endless. For example, mini-Zheng and Half-Zheng can be fully used in the classroom, so it has certain teaching advantages. It seems necessary to introduce the teaching of guzheng in the quality education of elementary and middle schools.This article adopts the research method of interview method and questionnaire survey method to conduct a field survey on the current situation of music teaching in Jincheng Experimental Primary School. The main focus is on the analysis of the application of folk instrumental music in the classroom. The use of guzheng teaching as a supplementary method is very in line with the basic idea of the new curriculum standard. According to the school's teaching practice, it putsforward feasibility suggestions, so that students can enhance their national self-confidence and pride, lay the foundation for music, and improve their music literacy.