Abstract

Gambella regional state is located in the southwestern Ethiopia with diverse ethnic groups. From the ethnic groups, Anuak and Nuer are dominant in the region. Both interacted in marriage, support each other in the time of famine as well as war and followed traditionalreligion.Their interaction violated by conflicts in the second half 19^th century. The conflict caused by the question of natural resources, Parliamentary seats andcurriculum and media of instruction in school.This fight caused the death of human beings and destruction of material properties on the both ethnic groups.Hostilities and conflicts between them had no earnedsolution due to outbreak of First World War.